The Act Of Basking And Public Image - 1127 Words

In 1976, Robert Cialdini and his colleagues first defined the concept of â€Å"basking in reflected glory† (BIRGing), the tendency to improve one’s self- and public image by publicly announcing one’s association with another person or group (identification) who has become successful in some endeavor (achievement) even if one is in no way the cause of the other’s success or â€Å"glory†. That is, the act of basking is done through association based on the person and the successful other belonging to the same in-group, even if one does not have any personal connection or contribution to the other’s success (i.e. self-enhancement; Snibbe, Kitayama, Markus, SuZuki, 2003). In the original field study, Cialdini et al. (1976) observed that students (1) tended to accentuate their association with the university they attended if the football team representing the university won in its latest match, and (2) refer to the victory as, by extension, including them (e.g. â€Å"we won†). Conversely, when the team lost, students tended to distance themselves from the team and the university by not wearing apparel that associate them with the latter and referring to the team as a separate entity (e.g. â€Å"they lost†). Moreover, in-group identification through BIRGing can be extended to national and cultural identities, with identification based on country-level or sociocultural in-groups (Galang, Quià ±ones, Adriano, Portillo, Carvajal, 2015). Indeed, to study BIRGing through a cross-cultural approach, it isShow MoreRelatedRay Bradburys Farenheit 4511257 Words   |  5 Pagesfor Montag and the other literates hiding outside of the city, fire is a warm gathering place that fosters kinship and the proper ideals to feed a revolution. Firemen, while intimidating to the general public, are widely accepted and respected. This means that they serve as an embodiment of the public as a whole. In their hands fire is used to destroy people’s books which they argue have the potential to better one person’s life over another’s. Furthermore, the books are convoluted and contradictoryRead MoreThe Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagescontext of a sporting event (i.e. boxing, basketball, football) and how fans reacted to the outcomes of these games, two replications extend BIRG into the display of political affiliations during national elections (Boen et al., 2002) and the act of basking in peer popularity and likeability (J. K. Dijkstra, Cillessen, Lindenberg, Veenstra, 2010). Similarly, the replications were done in Asian (Japan, Philippines), European (Belgium, France), and Middle Eastern (Israel) countries. The last replicationRead More Dance Essay2604 Words   |  11 Pag esa gentleman’s club. Of course, I was aware of the fact that on the most basic level, a pricey gentleman’s club provides a wealthy and extravagant individual with a venue where he can comfortably indulge in the finest champagnes and scotches while basking in the bubbly personalities and beautiful bodies of paid entertainers. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I decided to study the inner workings of a gentleman’s club and to write about the effect that working in such an environment would have on womenRead More Last Days Of Socrates Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pagesdeath from the Athenian court. This is very important because Plato wanted Socrates to be seen in a positive, glorified light. In the public eye, why would Socrates be convicted if he were not guilty of failing to serve the gods and of swaying the youth? Also, why would he submit to the court’s ruling unless he thought he deserved the punishment? Not only the general public, but also Socrates’ followers and friends were concerned and wanted to know the answers to these questions. Thus, Plato writes aboutRead MoreCultural Memory, The Mgr Murder Trial5316 Words   |  22 Pagesconsider the symbolism of this usage and thereby arrive at the author’s response to the civil war Assmann and Czaplicka define cultural memory as â€Å"that body of reusable texts, images and rituals in each society, in each epoch† (98). Through the â€Å"cultivation† of this memory they point out a society stabilizes and conveys its self-image. Upon this collective memory, one can add, each society bases its unity and peculiarity. Through this cultural heritage, they add, a society becomes visible to others. FurtherRead More Some Notes Concerning Affections and the Sublime in the Work of Jonathan Edward4475 Words   |  18 Pagessublime as both a rhetorical tool and psychological experience that, in either case, foregrounds the relationship between an individual’s perception of the self and his or her relationship to a community. Comparing Edwards’s personal writing to his public writing , an exploration of the phenomenon of conversion is clearly developed. Sublime experiences represent potential moments for conversion to Christianity because suc h events are moments that define the self in absence from the community. EdwardsRead MoreUsing Job Satisfaction and Pride as Internal-Marketing Tools5365 Words   |  22 Pagesability to motivate employees to practice behavior that will assist in​ the implementation of marketing strategies. Since the hotel industry has​ always been committed to developing customer loyalty, it is as critical​ now as ever for hotel employees to act in a manner that encourages​ guests loyalty. That is, customer loyalty is important in the​ hotel industry because it is a mature industry and competition is​ intense. As a result, there is often little product differentiation​ within segments (eRead MoreContemporary American Poetry and Its Public Worlds Essay8159 Words   |  33 Pagesbeen sufficiently attentive to both the demands and the possibilities afforded by the public world everywhere impinging on the choices poets make and the audiences availabl e to them. So I want to explore those demands and possibilities--first by working out a feasible understanding of how poets can engage that public world without simply embracing the role of rhetorician, then by turning the question of public poetry on its head so that we read beneath the poets desires the cultural pressuresRead More Separation of Church and State in Latin America Essay7515 Words   |  31 Pagesto make or change a law has the right to do so by gathering support and taking the steps set forth by the government, in the constitution, to complete the lawmaking process. An official elected democratically is constantly concerned with his or her public popularity, which determines how much power the official will have in the future. Ideally, in a democracy, every vote is heard; every demand is considered no matter what race, sex, or religion the person happens to be. Laws are constantly being alteredRead MoreFrom Salvation to Self-Realization18515 Words   |  75 Pagesconflicts tha t remain unresolved even among the affluent and educated. The changes in the dominant culture are not always deliberately engineered; at times they stem from attempts to resolve private dilemmas that seem to have little to do with the public realm of class domination. Without conspiring to do so, sometimes with wholly other ends in view, the ruling groups continually refashion the prevailing structure of feeling to express more or less-their own changing social experience. 5 9This is

William Jennings Bryan Free Essays

Much like the Republican problems during the 1892 election, in which Grover Cleveland won his second term of office, the Democratic Party faced problems in the 1896 election. Cleveland, who had won on the strength of labor unions and his policy on monetary policy, lost on both of his signature issues. His use of the military during a railroad strike in 1894 and his comment that he would he would commission the military to do government services if the postal service struck did not endear himself to the growing labor movement within the Democratic Party. We will write a custom essay sample on William Jennings Bryan or any similar topic only for you Order Now These blunders caused the Republicans to gain over 100 House seats and control over the Senate in the 1894 midterm elections. The Populist Party reached a critical juncture in 1896. At the 1896 Democratic nominating convention, the more progressive aspects of the party rallied behind Nebraskan politician William Jennings Bryan. Bryan, a proponent of silver currency, gave a speech now referred to as the â€Å"Cross of Gold† speech in which he derided the Republican administration of monetary policy in the past and hoped for a more populist approach to government in the future. The Democrats rallied behind Bryan and the platform reflected not only his populist agenda but their future fusion with the People’s Party to create a more progressive and rural party. The Democratic platform included advocacy for free silver and the possibility of international bimetallism, a federal income tax, statehood for Western territories, and a decreased tariff. When the People’s Party met at their nominating convention, they voted to fuse their candidates to the Democratic Party and pool resources with the more organized Democrats. The Republican Party, resurgent with their congressional success in 1894, rallied around Ohio governor William McKinley, the namesake of the 1890 tariff bill that was hotly contested in this decade. McKinley and the Republicans shaped a platform around the gold standard, an increase in protective tariffs more vigorous navy, increased standards for immigration, the acquisition of Hawaii, and an opposition to the idea of bimetallism. His monetary policy shifted miners and the lower class towards Bryan, but his measured platform managed to keep labor and business happy. The two campaigns had contrasting styles. William Jennings Bryan crisscrossed the nation giving stump speeches that were both fiery and inspiring to Democratic activists. However, Bryan lost gold Democrats and progressives who were turned off by his policy towards the economy and towards his focus on rural populations. The McKinley campaign, managed by Republican operative Mark Hanna, received several million dollars in donations to aid in the Republican campaign. For the most part, Hanna got these donations out of businesses and the wealthy that were afraid of a Bryan presidency and agrarian revolt. McKinley ran a front porch campaign while 1400 plus Republican speakers went around the nation stumping against the â€Å"radical† William Jennings Bryan. While Bryan did well in the West and the South, the more densely populated industrial North and Midwest went to McKinley who was able to win the election. If Bryan had won the election, things would have been vastly different. â€Å"No one can make a million dollars honestly. † – Bryan was widely regarded as a prominent spokesman for millions of rural Americans who were suffering from the economic depression following the Panic of 1893. William Jennings Bryan believed in free and unlimited coinage of silver, which he thought would remedy the economic ills then plaguing farmers and industrial workers. This inflationary measure would have increased the amount of money in circulation and aided cash-poor and debt-burdened farmers. He blamed big business for the economic depression that was present. If elected President of the United States, he would have advanced his idea for free coinage of silver. Although this would have been beneficial for the majority of farmers, many of the rest of the population would have been extremely unhappy. The big business partners would have gotten together and plotted for the assignation for William Jennings Bryan; which would have been successful. Bryan should have never messed with big business because, they mean business. â€Å"Destiny is no matter of chance. It is a matter of choice. It is not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved. † I believe that it was William Jennings Bryan’s destiny to lose the election of 1896 so that he would not be assassinated. It was for the better of the country that he had not won the election. The economic strategy of farming for the country was coming to an end regardless. How to cite William Jennings Bryan, Essay examples

Mind Mapping A New Era of Learning

Question: Discuss about theMind Mappingfor aNew Era of Learning. Answer: Introduction: Mind mapping is a technique of drawing diagrams that includes explicitly organized information so that the information can be visually recalled (Nilson 2016). Mind maps represents relationships among information as a whole or in between pieces of information. A mind map is usually centered on particular concepts. Relationships between information of pieces of information are drawn as branches and sub branches emerging from the key concept located in the center of the page. This essay discusses upon the history, process of creating mind maps, its uses and research work related to the subject. In addition, it also forms arguments regarding the subject. Background: In the 1970s, there was an idea called sun bursting. This is nothing but a multilevel pie chart that was used to visualize hierarchal data. The idea of mind mapping is very similar to this concept. The practice of mind mapping dates back to the 3rd century when Porphyry of Tyros visualized the categories of Aristotle graphically. Later Ramon Llull used the similar technique during 1235-1315. However, Tony Buzan popularized the concept of mind mapping in recent times. According to Buzan, readers normally scan pages in a non-linear fashion and that is what make mind maps effective learning tool (Buzan 2007). Methods of Creating Mind Maps: Buzan formed a methodical approach for creating mind maps. According to his guidelines, a mind maps should start with a picture of the topic residing in the centre of the page coded with three different colors. Information related to the topic should be stated as key words and and lines should connect the information to the topic as braches. Using upper and lowercase letter while stating the information and using different colors may help stimulation the learning centre of brain making line maps an efficient learning tool. In addition, mind maps should be easy to recognize and clear when branches are drawn to represent hierarchal relationships (iMindMap 2016). Research Work Related to Mind Maps: Mind maps as a tool for structuring information has been a topic of discussion for the past few years. Significant amount of research had been done also for determining its efficiency as a learning tool. John M. Coulter of Western New England University tried to find the efficiency of mind maps to improve Audit education. The results of his study concluded that using mind maps to structure coursed work had been an interesting tool for effectively organizing the lecture materials. Students reacted positively towards mind maps and reviewed that it helped them in understanding and remembering their notes and coursework (Coulter 2016). Another study by Marsen and Wen tried to find the effectively of mind maps in learning history. They used two different groups of five students in which the control groups did not know constructing and using mind maps for learning historical data where as the test group knew the the practice of mind maps. Results of their investigation concluded that mind maps can successfully increase a persons learning capacity regarding history (Masran and Wen 2016). The effectively of mind maps in teaching elementary school students have been studied by Emmelien Merchie and Hilde Van Keer of GHENT UNIVERSITY. They investigated 35 elementary school teachers and 644 students from 16 different schools in order to obtain results. The capacity to summarize information graphically related to particular subjects was assed in the said study. The results of the study concluded that learning usage of mind mapping to summarize data proved to be an effective learning tool for fifth and sixth grade students (Merchie and Van Keer 2016). Uses of Mind Maps: Mind maps have a wide variety of use these days both professionally and personal life. Mind maps organize information in such a form that it is easily recognized and registered in the brain. That helps boosting learning capacity. It also helps a person during recalling particular information regarding a particular topic (Buzan 2007). A mind map also encourages creative thinking. It allows new ideas to be incorporated into a persons thought process. In addition, learning through mind maps, increase problem-solving capacity that in turn helps in learning process. Mind maps enable a person to see all the issues related to a topic (Buzan and Buzan 2010). As discussed earlier in the research section a mind map helps in planning specific course work. Not only course work, mind maps also help in constructing event plans and presentations as well. Organizing a vast array of information is very easy with mind maps. It enables a person to take constructive decisions regarding a particular event. In majority of cases, mind maps are used in educational area. It is also used in business situations that include brain storming new ideas. Summarizing complicated information, ideas is easier with mind maps (Somers et al. 2014). Future of Mind Maps: According to Tony Buzan, in near future Mind Mapping will be the most widely practiced method of learning and will built nests all the way through the World Wide Web. He predicted that websites and computer technologies would find significant use for Mind Maps as these would allow channeling different forms of human thinking. In future Mind maps will become the ultimate tool for knowledge building and will truly create a Global Brain for developing human intelligence (Buzan and Buzan 2010). Limitations of Mind Maps: Mind maps have some limitations as well. Mind maps do not incorporate detailed information regarding a subject but just key points. Rules of mind mapping should be strictly followed in order to achieve optimum results otherwise, ineffective maps are produced. Personalized maps may be illegible by others and creating mind maps is a time consuming process (Intranet.birmingham.ac.uk 2017). Conclusion: Mind maps are very similar to spider diagrams but these include a methodical approach for building up information regarding a particular topic. In present mind maps found a variety of uses in a large number of sectors. There are many software tools available for creating mind maps as well. The future of mind maps as a study tool is also very promising. In conclusion, it can be said that mind maps are the ultimate form of gather knowledge now and will remain so in future until a new and better approach emerges. References: Buzan, T, 2007. Maximise the Power of Your Brain - Tony Buzan MIND MAPPING. Youtube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlabrWv25qQ. Buzan, T, and Buzan, B, 2010. The Mind Map Book. BBC Active/Pearson, Harlow, Essex, UK Coulter, J.M., 2016. Mind mapping as a tool to improve audit education.Journal of business and educational leadership,6(1), p.76. iMindMap, 2016. How to MindMap. viewed 10 September, 2016,https://imindmap.com/how-to-mind-map/ Intranet.birmingham.ac.uk. (2017). Mind mapping. [online] Available at: https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/as/studentservices/disability/learning-support/effective-learning/skills/mind-mapping.aspx [Accessed 4 Feb. 2017]. Masran, M. and Wen, C.Y., 2016. The Effectiveness Usage of Mind Map in Form Fives Academic Performance in History.Advanced Science Letters,22(8), pp.1973-1976. Merchie, E. and Van Keer, H., 2016. Stimulating Graphical Summarization in Late Elementary Education: The Relationship between Two Instructional Mind-Map Approaches and Student Characteristics.The Elementary School Journal,116(3), pp.487-522. Nilson, L.B., 2016.Teaching at its best: A research-based resource for college instructors. John Wiley Sons. Somers, M.J., Passerini, K., Parhankangas, A. and Casal, J., 2014. Using mind maps to study how business school students and faculty organize and apply general business knowledge.The International Journal of Management Education,12(1), pp.1-13.